eaves



3 Sheets Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

W. EAVES, STEAM GENERATOR.

Patented May 5 In we 2050 r.

ANDREW RGHAHAM PHOTO-UTHO. WASNIN GTONJIC (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2,

W. EAVES.

STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 559,519. Patented May 5,1896.

I Dave/19502:

AN DREW BJIRAHAM PHOTO LITNQWASHINGTOND C (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W. EAVES.

STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 559,519. Patented May 5, 1896.

15 T x I [11:

ANDREW B.GRA|4AM. PHOTO-Limo WASHI NGTUNJ) i;v

L ATENT Fries.

IVILLIAM EA-V ES, OF SHEFFIELD, ENGLAND.

STEAM-G EN ERATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 559,519, dated May 5, 1896.

Application filed February 3, 1896. Serial No. 577,852. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM EAVES, engineer, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Atlas Steel and Iron Works, Sheffield, in the county of York, England, have invented certain Improvements in or Connected with Steam-Generators, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to so arrange or construct boilers for either natural, induced, or forced draft, that, while economy in construction and space occupied are secured, the hot gases from the furnace or furnaces are very efficiently utilized in eifectin g the preliminary heating of the incoming air, and also the heating effect on the boiler itself is increased, and at the same time the boiler can be kept at. practically the same temperature throughout, so as to prevent unequal expansion and contraction, thus minimizing injurious strains.

According to my invention I surround the boiler or part thereof with a passage or passages for the hot gases from the furnace or furnaces, and also a passage or passages for air to the furnace or furnaces, so that the air in its passage through the said air passage or passages is heated by the hot gases passing through the other passage or passages for the said gases in proximity to the passage or passages for the air. I prefer to cause the air and the gases to pass in directions reverse to each other.

The accompanying drawings show examples of what I consider the best arrangements according to my invention.

Figures 1 and 2 are an end view with half insection and a longitudinal section of one arrangement. Fig. 31s a longitudinal section of another arrangement, and Figs. 4. and 5 are similar views to Figs. 1 and 2 of a third arrangement.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the boiler is surrounded by two casings A and B, forming two spaces A and B The space A is provided with an air-inlet or air-inlets at Cb either open to the air for natural or induced draft or provided with air-forcing devices for forced draft. The said space A also com- Inunicates with the space 0 inclosed by the front casing G, and thence with the mouth of the furnace E by means of valves for controlling the admission of air to the furnace either above or below the furnace-bars or both. The space B is in communication on the one hand with the space D inclosed by the front casing D, communicating with the furnace or the tubes leading therefrom, as shown, and on the other hand at b with the chimney or outlet for the products of combustion from the furnace or with the fan,if an induced draft be used. The air enters the space A and passes therethrough to the fur nace, and the products from the furnace passing through the space E heat the air so entering through the outer space and at the same time exert a very eflicient heating effect on the boiler itself. Suitable openings with doors can be made through the casings to allow of cleaning, as required.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 3 the space for the products from the furnace is divided by means of a helically-arranged partition or helically-arranged partitions G which form a helical or spiral passage or passages in the said space. These partitions, or this partition, causes the hot escaping gases from the furnace to take ahelical course or courses around the boi1er-body and so distribute the heat evenly over the boiler, maintaining an equable temperature or practically equable temperature throughout and causing a better circulation of the water in the boiler. In place of or in addition to the helical partition or helical partitions in the space for the hot gases a similar partition or partitions may be applied to the air-space A so as to cause the air passing to the furnace to take a helical course around the casing of the space inclosing the passage for the gases from the furnace, and thus a very extended course for the said air is obtained and the air absorbs a correspondingly increased amount of heat. The said partitions also serve for connecting the casings to, thus considerably strengthening the structure.

In Figs. 4 and 5 I show an arrangement wherein I employ only one casing B wholly or partly around the body of the boiler, forming one space B around or partly around the said body, the two casings at the front of the boiler being employed as in the previous arrangements. The space around the body of the boiler is made sufficiently large to accommodate a number of tubes A wholly or partially around the boiler, which tubes pass longitudinally through the said space B they being connected at one end to the casing at the back end of boiler and at the other end to the inner casing at the front end of boiler. The air for the combustion of the fuel before entering the furnace passes through these tubes A and-thus becomes heated, and also lowers the temperature of the hot escaping gases before reaching the fan, (when induced draft is used,) thereby not only insuring the proper working of the fan, but being productive of great economy in the combustion of fuel. The cold air entering the heating-tubes A traverses the whole length of the tubes and emerges into the chamber 0 at the front of the boiler, from whence it is admitted to the furnace, through regulating-valves in the f urnace-mouthpiece, in such quantity as is desirable for the proper combustion of the fuel, the products from the furnace passing into the combustion-chamber, and thence through the boiler-tubes into the spaces D and B through which the tubes A pass, the said products surrounding the tubes and impart ing heat to the air passing through the said tubes to the furnace.

In the several arrangements there may be a casing, as shown at a in Fig. 2, over the rear end of the boiler inclosing a space into which the air first enters before it passes into the space or spaces or tubes for conducting the air to the furnace or furnaces, as aforesaid.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. The combination with a steam-boiler and a furnace therefor, of contiguous passages or spaces surrounding the body of the boiler,

one of said passages communicating with the furnace at the front of the boiler for conducting the gases from the furnace rearwardly, and another passage communicating at the rear of the boiler with the atmosphere and at its front end with the furnace for conducting air forwardly, whereby the gases and air are circulated through their respective passages in opposite directions, substantially as described.

2. In combination with a steam-boiler and a furnace arranged thereunder, two casings surrounding the body of the boiler, the inner casing forming a passage-way communicating with the furnace at the front of the boiler for conducting the gases from the furnace rearwardly, and the outer casing communicating at the rear of the boiler with the atmosphere and at its front end with the furnace for conducting air forwardly, whereby the gases and air are circulated through their respective passages in opposite directions, substantially as described.

3. In combination with a steam-boiler, two casings surrounding, or partly surrounding the body of the boiler, the one casing being in communication with the furnace, or furnaces, and with the chimney, or outlet, and the other casing being in communication with the air-inlet, and with the furnace, or furnaces; and either, or both, of the said spaces being provided with a helical partition or partitions; substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

\V. EAVES.

Vitnesses:

FRANK M. CLARK, MAURICE RAW. 

